Tuesday, October 26, 1999
The Deadly Tax Reduction Trap 10/25/1995
LOOKING AHEAD by Wally Dobelis
Any politician who comes here promising to reduce our taxes and balance our budget (Federal or local) ought to be tarred and feathered and ridden out of town on a rail, as was done to Huck Finn's tricksters, the Duke of Bilgewater and the pretender King. We the voters must learn to understand, once and for all, that tax/budget relief is like the Duke's Cameleopard, a bogus animal, a political campaign mirage, held out by tricksters. They cannot fulfill it, no matter how much they cut the government bloat. Once in power, they will fool us, by shifting taxes, sometimes fairly but not always - because they owe favors to their moneyed contributors. True tax relief is impossible, first because of our increasing longevity that keeps raising the social burden for the health and living expenses of the old (the 4/1 worker/retiree ratio will be 3/1 by 2015), and second because of increasing technological unemployment that robs the economic environment of jobs for the uneducated and less mentally gifted, and turns ever more of them into wards of society.
The latest example of a tax shift to those who can afford it the least is the 20 percent transit fare increase due November 12, expected to generate $400 Million a year from the daily 1.3 Million subway and 600,000 bus rides, if ridership does not dwindle. Governor Pataki met his campaign promise to cut taxes (cost: $515 Million this fiscal year, $1.8 Billion the next) by taking $300 Million from a fund maintained with contributions from downstate tax payers for the support the TA, meanwhile continuing subsidies for the other NYS mass transit systems. Commuter railroad fares went up only 9 percent. The fares for express buses, biggest money losers percentage-wise, 2/3 of which serve Staten Island, will not be raised at all from the $4 fare, and all fare increases will be delayed a week, until after the Nov. 7 elections. The latter motion was introduced by the Governor Pataki's Staten Island appointee to the MTA board. Could these two events be related to the running of Guy V. Molinari, a Friend Of Pataki, for D.A. on S.I?
Meanwhile, another FOP and appointee, E. Virgil Conway, the MTA chairman, has pledged not to ask for state subsidies for the TA, and to buy new buses, trains and signal systems, paying for them by taking $215 Million annually from the operating income and the rest through debt, to be paid by our children. The MTA spends 1.3 Billion (15 year average) in modernization. Let's first see him attack mismanagement, and get savings from correcting bad scheduling and featherbedding. More tax money usually takes the edge off the bureaucrat's sense of emergency. This person is obviously not going to be the city's defender.
And what of our other defender, Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani, who withdrew an $124 Million annual subsidy from the TA? He instructs his four (of 11) appointees to vote against the increase, full well knowing that they had no chance against the Governor. Your'e kiddin', Rudy! You fought off the mob in the Fulton Fish Market, in the Javits Exhibition Hall, you tried to get control of the Board of Ed gang - why don't you try to get in there and clean up the lax TA management, and the union rules that empower slackers and profiteers? Everyone knows they are there. One story: this maintenance man came to work for TA full of enthusiasm to produce, until he was worn out - not by work but by his co-workers, who threatened him about working too hard. Now he comes home three days out of four with no grease on his hands, and devotes lots of his on-the-job time to his part-time business.
And Speaker Sheldon Silver, why did he not stop this new flat tax, the fare increase, in the Assembly? It seems that all the tax shifts favor the affluent voters, the commuters. We have the people of Mott Haven, in the 2nd poorest Congressional District in the whole USA (hear it, the whole USA!), home of PS 65, one of the worst schools in the city. Jonathan Kozol's words about them (Amazing Grace, 1995) make you cry, literally. Such areas have been discarded, relegated to holding pens. The favored suburbanites do not pay the real estate taxes to keep these parts of the city going - neither our tripled-over coop and apartment taxes in East Midtown, the T&V area, nor the lesser but not less painful ones in Queens. How about increasing their contribution?
To keep the professionals and their salaries here, the Mayor has spent gobs of money in cash and tax breaks, such as $80 Million for the Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange, $184 Million for the Mercantile Exchange, fighting off the predator, Gov. Whitman of N.J., whose actions drive New York City deeper in debt. She has cleared land to offer, and tax reductions to recover, and will keep up the raids. She has no choice. The Mayor will spend and spend to discourage her, and the tax giveaways will have to be made up elsewhere. It is free enterprise; the giveaways will increase our residential taxes, but there may be jobs created. And maybe not. Another down spiral, centered on the politicians' main bait, tax reduction promises.
Which brings up the national flat tax increases for the poor, the Medicare and Earned Tax Credit legislation. The House Medicare bill will save $270 Billion over seven years, Republicans contend. Democrats reply that $90 Billion would be enough, and the balance is intended to help fund the Republicans' tax cut of $245 Billion. The direct funding of the Medicare savings is by increasing Part B premiums (from $46.10/mo to $87.60 by the 2002, vs to $60.80 under the current law); the indirect will be by moving recipients into managed care (HMO, PPO), or high-deductible plans with medical savings accounts, and by cutting medical reimbursements, which will cut covered services. People who want to continue with the present level of care and with fee-for-service providers who are not in the managed care plans will have to pay extra for it. Fixed deductibles and maximums per service or impairment in a growing cost environment will increase beneficiaries' costs. How else will the government be able to reduce its projected spending per beneficiary by 2002, from $8,000 to 6,700 (it is $4,800 now)? These are some of the hidden expenses in the plan that will increase Medicare cost to the beneficiary by more than the premium increase. No one disputes that Medicare needs reform - it is by how much, and what part of the hidden cost will go to fund the tax reduction. This bill is generating another tax shift, a flat tax that will hurt most at the low income levels. A justifyable correction would be to make the premiums more income-graded.
As to the Earned Income Credit, it is paid to people who earn barely above subsistence levels, and need encouragement not to go on relief. With the expected EIC reductions, coupled with the restrictions, inequalities and limits in AFDC and Home Relief under state administration, more people may end up homeless. The legislators who label the program as full of abuses should attack the abusers, not the struggling low income recipients of this tax benefit.
Why the tax shifts to the poor? Well, the political system is sick. The people voted for Clinton in 1992, to remedy bloated government and provide social reform. He failed, because of inept planning, and also because the opponents stopped any progress. The people lost, because the legislators and administration wasted both time and money in treading water, quarreling and not getting any results. In revolt, some of the same people voted in a Republican Congress in 1994, to remedy bloated government and produce social reform. The winners now have to propose tightened social services and spurious tax reductions, actually shifts to flat tax, to keep their promises. The President will veto the worst, and the people will lose, both time and money, again. I submit that a major reason for the bad legislation and logjams is the first law in politics: "the politician's primary responsibility is to get reelected," which means coddling the wealthy donors who make campaign contributions, and giving them benefits. The poor people lose.
The way out? There are two: either limit campaign contributions and campaign period (politicians also engage in theft of services - we end up paying them and staff for campaign work that they do on time paid for by the public); or, limit their terms of office (in the hope that at least in the last term they will owe nothin' to nobody, and will act statesmanlike. Alas, the rub - they may try to buy into post-politics jobs.) The British, world's oldest democracy (sort of, remember Magna Carta of 1215), have successfully limited campaign terms and, consequently, contributions. Limiting funds and campaign period is the best solution - today campaigners with unlimited money and ambition can literally buy the office, as the nonentity Huffington almost did, in 1994 (remember, in California, running for Senate against Feinstein). Both parties have at some points offered these remedies, but those were ruses - you don't expect politicians to vote against themselves? I suspect that a groundswell for statewide referenda will be needed to generate these, most necessary reforms. Unless we reform election rules, we - and our children - will be doomed, by the politicians we elect, regardless of party. It is a no-win for the voter.
Wally Dobelis claims to be beset by computer gremlins, who, most recently, turned a "guilty" into "not guilty" in his O.J.Simpson-inspired op-ed article (10/12/95). We offered to buy an ethnographically correct hex wand to banish bad spirits, but he is holding out for a better scanner technology. We will go by results, with a fresh eye, Kimberly, in the shop. Best wishes, Kim, and Todd, in all of your pursuits!
And congrats to Bernard and Pauline Goodman. Bernie, ex-community organizer, now an American Primitive, had an exhibition of his paintings in Atlanta.
Any politician who comes here promising to reduce our taxes and balance our budget (Federal or local) ought to be tarred and feathered and ridden out of town on a rail, as was done to Huck Finn's tricksters, the Duke of Bilgewater and the pretender King. We the voters must learn to understand, once and for all, that tax/budget relief is like the Duke's Cameleopard, a bogus animal, a political campaign mirage, held out by tricksters. They cannot fulfill it, no matter how much they cut the government bloat. Once in power, they will fool us, by shifting taxes, sometimes fairly but not always - because they owe favors to their moneyed contributors. True tax relief is impossible, first because of our increasing longevity that keeps raising the social burden for the health and living expenses of the old (the 4/1 worker/retiree ratio will be 3/1 by 2015), and second because of increasing technological unemployment that robs the economic environment of jobs for the uneducated and less mentally gifted, and turns ever more of them into wards of society.
The latest example of a tax shift to those who can afford it the least is the 20 percent transit fare increase due November 12, expected to generate $400 Million a year from the daily 1.3 Million subway and 600,000 bus rides, if ridership does not dwindle. Governor Pataki met his campaign promise to cut taxes (cost: $515 Million this fiscal year, $1.8 Billion the next) by taking $300 Million from a fund maintained with contributions from downstate tax payers for the support the TA, meanwhile continuing subsidies for the other NYS mass transit systems. Commuter railroad fares went up only 9 percent. The fares for express buses, biggest money losers percentage-wise, 2/3 of which serve Staten Island, will not be raised at all from the $4 fare, and all fare increases will be delayed a week, until after the Nov. 7 elections. The latter motion was introduced by the Governor Pataki's Staten Island appointee to the MTA board. Could these two events be related to the running of Guy V. Molinari, a Friend Of Pataki, for D.A. on S.I?
Meanwhile, another FOP and appointee, E. Virgil Conway, the MTA chairman, has pledged not to ask for state subsidies for the TA, and to buy new buses, trains and signal systems, paying for them by taking $215 Million annually from the operating income and the rest through debt, to be paid by our children. The MTA spends 1.3 Billion (15 year average) in modernization. Let's first see him attack mismanagement, and get savings from correcting bad scheduling and featherbedding. More tax money usually takes the edge off the bureaucrat's sense of emergency. This person is obviously not going to be the city's defender.
And what of our other defender, Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani, who withdrew an $124 Million annual subsidy from the TA? He instructs his four (of 11) appointees to vote against the increase, full well knowing that they had no chance against the Governor. Your'e kiddin', Rudy! You fought off the mob in the Fulton Fish Market, in the Javits Exhibition Hall, you tried to get control of the Board of Ed gang - why don't you try to get in there and clean up the lax TA management, and the union rules that empower slackers and profiteers? Everyone knows they are there. One story: this maintenance man came to work for TA full of enthusiasm to produce, until he was worn out - not by work but by his co-workers, who threatened him about working too hard. Now he comes home three days out of four with no grease on his hands, and devotes lots of his on-the-job time to his part-time business.
And Speaker Sheldon Silver, why did he not stop this new flat tax, the fare increase, in the Assembly? It seems that all the tax shifts favor the affluent voters, the commuters. We have the people of Mott Haven, in the 2nd poorest Congressional District in the whole USA (hear it, the whole USA!), home of PS 65, one of the worst schools in the city. Jonathan Kozol's words about them (Amazing Grace, 1995) make you cry, literally. Such areas have been discarded, relegated to holding pens. The favored suburbanites do not pay the real estate taxes to keep these parts of the city going - neither our tripled-over coop and apartment taxes in East Midtown, the T&V area, nor the lesser but not less painful ones in Queens. How about increasing their contribution?
To keep the professionals and their salaries here, the Mayor has spent gobs of money in cash and tax breaks, such as $80 Million for the Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange, $184 Million for the Mercantile Exchange, fighting off the predator, Gov. Whitman of N.J., whose actions drive New York City deeper in debt. She has cleared land to offer, and tax reductions to recover, and will keep up the raids. She has no choice. The Mayor will spend and spend to discourage her, and the tax giveaways will have to be made up elsewhere. It is free enterprise; the giveaways will increase our residential taxes, but there may be jobs created. And maybe not. Another down spiral, centered on the politicians' main bait, tax reduction promises.
Which brings up the national flat tax increases for the poor, the Medicare and Earned Tax Credit legislation. The House Medicare bill will save $270 Billion over seven years, Republicans contend. Democrats reply that $90 Billion would be enough, and the balance is intended to help fund the Republicans' tax cut of $245 Billion. The direct funding of the Medicare savings is by increasing Part B premiums (from $46.10/mo to $87.60 by the 2002, vs to $60.80 under the current law); the indirect will be by moving recipients into managed care (HMO, PPO), or high-deductible plans with medical savings accounts, and by cutting medical reimbursements, which will cut covered services. People who want to continue with the present level of care and with fee-for-service providers who are not in the managed care plans will have to pay extra for it. Fixed deductibles and maximums per service or impairment in a growing cost environment will increase beneficiaries' costs. How else will the government be able to reduce its projected spending per beneficiary by 2002, from $8,000 to 6,700 (it is $4,800 now)? These are some of the hidden expenses in the plan that will increase Medicare cost to the beneficiary by more than the premium increase. No one disputes that Medicare needs reform - it is by how much, and what part of the hidden cost will go to fund the tax reduction. This bill is generating another tax shift, a flat tax that will hurt most at the low income levels. A justifyable correction would be to make the premiums more income-graded.
As to the Earned Income Credit, it is paid to people who earn barely above subsistence levels, and need encouragement not to go on relief. With the expected EIC reductions, coupled with the restrictions, inequalities and limits in AFDC and Home Relief under state administration, more people may end up homeless. The legislators who label the program as full of abuses should attack the abusers, not the struggling low income recipients of this tax benefit.
Why the tax shifts to the poor? Well, the political system is sick. The people voted for Clinton in 1992, to remedy bloated government and provide social reform. He failed, because of inept planning, and also because the opponents stopped any progress. The people lost, because the legislators and administration wasted both time and money in treading water, quarreling and not getting any results. In revolt, some of the same people voted in a Republican Congress in 1994, to remedy bloated government and produce social reform. The winners now have to propose tightened social services and spurious tax reductions, actually shifts to flat tax, to keep their promises. The President will veto the worst, and the people will lose, both time and money, again. I submit that a major reason for the bad legislation and logjams is the first law in politics: "the politician's primary responsibility is to get reelected," which means coddling the wealthy donors who make campaign contributions, and giving them benefits. The poor people lose.
The way out? There are two: either limit campaign contributions and campaign period (politicians also engage in theft of services - we end up paying them and staff for campaign work that they do on time paid for by the public); or, limit their terms of office (in the hope that at least in the last term they will owe nothin' to nobody, and will act statesmanlike. Alas, the rub - they may try to buy into post-politics jobs.) The British, world's oldest democracy (sort of, remember Magna Carta of 1215), have successfully limited campaign terms and, consequently, contributions. Limiting funds and campaign period is the best solution - today campaigners with unlimited money and ambition can literally buy the office, as the nonentity Huffington almost did, in 1994 (remember, in California, running for Senate against Feinstein). Both parties have at some points offered these remedies, but those were ruses - you don't expect politicians to vote against themselves? I suspect that a groundswell for statewide referenda will be needed to generate these, most necessary reforms. Unless we reform election rules, we - and our children - will be doomed, by the politicians we elect, regardless of party. It is a no-win for the voter.
Wally Dobelis claims to be beset by computer gremlins, who, most recently, turned a "guilty" into "not guilty" in his O.J.Simpson-inspired op-ed article (10/12/95). We offered to buy an ethnographically correct hex wand to banish bad spirits, but he is holding out for a better scanner technology. We will go by results, with a fresh eye, Kimberly, in the shop. Best wishes, Kim, and Todd, in all of your pursuits!
And congrats to Bernard and Pauline Goodman. Bernie, ex-community organizer, now an American Primitive, had an exhibition of his paintings in Atlanta.
Tuesday, October 05, 1999
Superb encyclopedia of NYC
LOOKING AHEAD by Wally Dobelis
Those of us who occasionally spend time desperately digging for arcane information about our town have just been granted a great time-saving present -The Encyclopedia of New York City, edited by Kenneth T. Jackson of Columbia University and published by Yale University Press, in asociation with the New-York Historical Society ($60). A mammoth volume of densely printed 1372 pages, weighing 7 lbs 5 oz, this baby, 13 years in gestation, is a collaboration of 680 experts. It contains some 4300 entries and 684 illustrations and maps.
The stories of our ethnic groups alone are overwhelming in their detail, from the five pages on the 533,846 Irish to the half-page about the under 4,000 Latvians. There are also descriptions of the 400 neighborhoods in which we live, histories of hundreds of major organizations and firms for which we work, of buildings, schools, sports teams and newspapers, past and present.
The 1500 biographies cover an incredible range, historical figures, arts and business people and politicians, about 10 percent living. After many years of asking questions (okay, occasional questions) about who was Horace Harding, I now know that he was a banker who prompted the construction of a highway from Nassau County to Queens Boulevard in Elmhurst, to ease access to his country club. After his death in 1929, it was named the Horace Harding Boulevard. What chutzpah, what clout! As you can see from the story, the authors of the encyclopedia do not pull any punches.
My other unknown, Henry Bruckner, turned out to have been a major Bronx pol (assemblyman, Commisioner of Public Works, Congressman, Beep), until sunk by the Seabury Investigation of 1932. He too will be remembered forever, as a Boulevard and an Expressway.
The encyclopedia has staggeringly detailed major articles in many areas, such as theatres, newspapers, parades, literature (see also pop fiction), architecture (also cast iron, terra cotta), housing (also the loathed dumbbell tenements, row houses, almshouses, apartments, cooperatives and so on), subways, and more. I will never sleep again, until I know it all. A warning: use the book sparingly, and at your own risk, it is addictive. Ten minutes of browsing will give you enough "do you know that.." questions to destroy any cocktail party.
The Town and Village constituency will be glad to know that Stuyvesant (Peter, High School, Square, Town), Cooper (Peter, Village, Cooper and Hewitt firm and Museum), Union Square and Gramercy Park have their own entries, as do Friends (Seminary only; Quakers are separate), St. George's, Calvary and St. Mark's (but not Epiphany). Of the hospitals, Bellevue, Cabrini (Mother and Center), Beth Israel and Lying-In are equally honored. As for saloons, only the venerable Pete's and McSorley's make it; Joe King's Rathskeller (Tuesday's, until recently) does not, even as a beer hall.
FDR Drive makes it, but not the avenues. Farrar, Strauss and Giroux, Barnes and Noble and Strand have entries; booksellers' row is mentioned under bookselling.
Now to the quibbles, which I'm loath to list, except in the selfish hope that constructive criticism will make an excellent encyclopedia into a superb one.
The book cries out for a topical index, pulling together all entries on the major subjects. You can see that in my description of major articles. There is no overview on health, though physical disabilities, mental health and hospitals are exhaustively covered. Coop City is covered by three lines, and you have to go to Baychester and housing entrees to read about their 15,372 units, built in 1958-70 and renting for $20 a room, while the Parkchester article describes the 1938-42 construction of their 12,273 units directly.
The index, names only, omits listing persons covered in individual entries. Thus, the reader is not informed that the votes garnered by Norman Mailer and Herman Badillo in the 1969 Democratic primaries can be found under mayoralty (Badillo also in '73 and '77), whereas the counts for Conservatives Wiliam F. Buckley. Jr. (1965) and Barry Farber (1977) can be located through the index. Incidentally, the figures are (you'll hate this, but the order is logical): 41,288; 217,163; 354,581; 99,808; a surprising 341,226; 57,437. If these numbers make it through safely, I'll buy my editor Todd Maisel a beer.
About the mayors: they were appointed annually, first by the Brits in 1665, then by the colonial governor and the governor of New York State. Starting in 1820 they were elected by the aldermen of the Common Council, themselves elected from the wards. The aldermen were also empowered to monitor strangers, set the price of bread and control the wandering hogs. Ah, the stories! Direct elections came in 1834, and the five boroughs were consolidated in 1898. The majorality article lists all the mayors and has all the votes; a government and politics article lists the English governors of New York, all the congresspeople ever elected from the city, and presidential votes, by county, since 1836. What more can you want! (Well, if you insist - for senators and state figures you must check the Red Book; for commissioners, City Council and Community Board people go to the Green Book).
That brings up those missing in action: no entry or reference for Community Boards, a major omission. As I think back to the volunteer, unpaid members and presiding heads of our local Community Board #6 onwards from the 1970s - Charlie Kinsolving, Clara Reiss, Stanley Nason, Rusty Moore, Mike Yamin, Henry Walter Weiss, Joana Battaglia, Steve Rosen, Jane Crotty, Lou Sepersky, Gary Papush, to name a few - their effort deserves recognition, not ignominy. And the volunteers for the homeless: there is no mention of the Partnership for the Homeless that provides shelter in 150 churches and synagogues. And political clubs, and district leaders, and New Democratic Coalition - if I start listing the names of the missing, and giving medals, we're all gonna cry. And scant entries for School Boards (under public schools and Board of Education for 1968-69) and BIDs (under local development corporations).
Now comes the worst local sin; no entry for Asser Levy, the brave butcher (now a public school and a swimming pool, to use the terms of Parks Commissioner Henry Stern, also entryless), who defied Peter Stuyvesant. When Old Silver Nails armed all adults to attack the Swedes on the Delavare, Jews were ordered to pay a monthly contribution, to be exempted. Levy and several friends objected, and asked to serve and stand guard, like other burghers. Their petition was rejected, Levy successfully appealed to Holland, and was subsequently permitted to do guard duty.In 1657 he did well in appealing for the rights of Jews to be burghers and to trade. He was a frequent litigant and his own attorney, not only for his own co-religionists. He lent money for the first Lutheran church in New York, and was the executor in the wills of Christian merchants, highly respected in New York and Connecticut. And the Asser Levy pool is highly respected by his New York neighborhood exercise lovers. Take heed, Prof. Jackson, we may appeal.
Wally Dobelis finds the encyclopedia so appealing that he has broken up his series of a walking tour of Union Square area to insert this review. Sorry, Union Square next week. And congrats to Det. Hughes of the 13th Pct. on losing 30 lbs, as reported in the New York Times (because he's the best, that's why!). Keep it up, Owen...er, I mean, down.
Those of us who occasionally spend time desperately digging for arcane information about our town have just been granted a great time-saving present -The Encyclopedia of New York City, edited by Kenneth T. Jackson of Columbia University and published by Yale University Press, in asociation with the New-York Historical Society ($60). A mammoth volume of densely printed 1372 pages, weighing 7 lbs 5 oz, this baby, 13 years in gestation, is a collaboration of 680 experts. It contains some 4300 entries and 684 illustrations and maps.
The stories of our ethnic groups alone are overwhelming in their detail, from the five pages on the 533,846 Irish to the half-page about the under 4,000 Latvians. There are also descriptions of the 400 neighborhoods in which we live, histories of hundreds of major organizations and firms for which we work, of buildings, schools, sports teams and newspapers, past and present.
The 1500 biographies cover an incredible range, historical figures, arts and business people and politicians, about 10 percent living. After many years of asking questions (okay, occasional questions) about who was Horace Harding, I now know that he was a banker who prompted the construction of a highway from Nassau County to Queens Boulevard in Elmhurst, to ease access to his country club. After his death in 1929, it was named the Horace Harding Boulevard. What chutzpah, what clout! As you can see from the story, the authors of the encyclopedia do not pull any punches.
My other unknown, Henry Bruckner, turned out to have been a major Bronx pol (assemblyman, Commisioner of Public Works, Congressman, Beep), until sunk by the Seabury Investigation of 1932. He too will be remembered forever, as a Boulevard and an Expressway.
The encyclopedia has staggeringly detailed major articles in many areas, such as theatres, newspapers, parades, literature (see also pop fiction), architecture (also cast iron, terra cotta), housing (also the loathed dumbbell tenements, row houses, almshouses, apartments, cooperatives and so on), subways, and more. I will never sleep again, until I know it all. A warning: use the book sparingly, and at your own risk, it is addictive. Ten minutes of browsing will give you enough "do you know that.." questions to destroy any cocktail party.
The Town and Village constituency will be glad to know that Stuyvesant (Peter, High School, Square, Town), Cooper (Peter, Village, Cooper and Hewitt firm and Museum), Union Square and Gramercy Park have their own entries, as do Friends (Seminary only; Quakers are separate), St. George's, Calvary and St. Mark's (but not Epiphany). Of the hospitals, Bellevue, Cabrini (Mother and Center), Beth Israel and Lying-In are equally honored. As for saloons, only the venerable Pete's and McSorley's make it; Joe King's Rathskeller (Tuesday's, until recently) does not, even as a beer hall.
FDR Drive makes it, but not the avenues. Farrar, Strauss and Giroux, Barnes and Noble and Strand have entries; booksellers' row is mentioned under bookselling.
Now to the quibbles, which I'm loath to list, except in the selfish hope that constructive criticism will make an excellent encyclopedia into a superb one.
The book cries out for a topical index, pulling together all entries on the major subjects. You can see that in my description of major articles. There is no overview on health, though physical disabilities, mental health and hospitals are exhaustively covered. Coop City is covered by three lines, and you have to go to Baychester and housing entrees to read about their 15,372 units, built in 1958-70 and renting for $20 a room, while the Parkchester article describes the 1938-42 construction of their 12,273 units directly.
The index, names only, omits listing persons covered in individual entries. Thus, the reader is not informed that the votes garnered by Norman Mailer and Herman Badillo in the 1969 Democratic primaries can be found under mayoralty (Badillo also in '73 and '77), whereas the counts for Conservatives Wiliam F. Buckley. Jr. (1965) and Barry Farber (1977) can be located through the index. Incidentally, the figures are (you'll hate this, but the order is logical): 41,288; 217,163; 354,581; 99,808; a surprising 341,226; 57,437. If these numbers make it through safely, I'll buy my editor Todd Maisel a beer.
About the mayors: they were appointed annually, first by the Brits in 1665, then by the colonial governor and the governor of New York State. Starting in 1820 they were elected by the aldermen of the Common Council, themselves elected from the wards. The aldermen were also empowered to monitor strangers, set the price of bread and control the wandering hogs. Ah, the stories! Direct elections came in 1834, and the five boroughs were consolidated in 1898. The majorality article lists all the mayors and has all the votes; a government and politics article lists the English governors of New York, all the congresspeople ever elected from the city, and presidential votes, by county, since 1836. What more can you want! (Well, if you insist - for senators and state figures you must check the Red Book; for commissioners, City Council and Community Board people go to the Green Book).
That brings up those missing in action: no entry or reference for Community Boards, a major omission. As I think back to the volunteer, unpaid members and presiding heads of our local Community Board #6 onwards from the 1970s - Charlie Kinsolving, Clara Reiss, Stanley Nason, Rusty Moore, Mike Yamin, Henry Walter Weiss, Joana Battaglia, Steve Rosen, Jane Crotty, Lou Sepersky, Gary Papush, to name a few - their effort deserves recognition, not ignominy. And the volunteers for the homeless: there is no mention of the Partnership for the Homeless that provides shelter in 150 churches and synagogues. And political clubs, and district leaders, and New Democratic Coalition - if I start listing the names of the missing, and giving medals, we're all gonna cry. And scant entries for School Boards (under public schools and Board of Education for 1968-69) and BIDs (under local development corporations).
Now comes the worst local sin; no entry for Asser Levy, the brave butcher (now a public school and a swimming pool, to use the terms of Parks Commissioner Henry Stern, also entryless), who defied Peter Stuyvesant. When Old Silver Nails armed all adults to attack the Swedes on the Delavare, Jews were ordered to pay a monthly contribution, to be exempted. Levy and several friends objected, and asked to serve and stand guard, like other burghers. Their petition was rejected, Levy successfully appealed to Holland, and was subsequently permitted to do guard duty.In 1657 he did well in appealing for the rights of Jews to be burghers and to trade. He was a frequent litigant and his own attorney, not only for his own co-religionists. He lent money for the first Lutheran church in New York, and was the executor in the wills of Christian merchants, highly respected in New York and Connecticut. And the Asser Levy pool is highly respected by his New York neighborhood exercise lovers. Take heed, Prof. Jackson, we may appeal.
Wally Dobelis finds the encyclopedia so appealing that he has broken up his series of a walking tour of Union Square area to insert this review. Sorry, Union Square next week. And congrats to Det. Hughes of the 13th Pct. on losing 30 lbs, as reported in the New York Times (because he's the best, that's why!). Keep it up, Owen...er, I mean, down.
